Search results for "Built environment"
showing 10 items of 69 documents
Spatial analysis of traffic accidents near and between road intersections in a directed linear network.
2019
Although most of the literature on traffic safety analysis has been developed over areal zones, there is a growing interest in using the specific road structure of the region under investigation, which is known as a linear network in the field of spatial statistics. The use of linear networks entails several technical complications, ranging from the accurate location of traffic accidents to the definition of covariates at a spatial micro-level. Therefore, the primary goal of this study was to display a detailed analysis of a dataset of traffic accidents recorded in Valencia (Spain), which were located into a linear network representing more than 30 km of urban road structure corresponding t…
Knowledge and training needs on built environment and indoor health of Italian public health residents: a national survey
2017
Introduction The Working Group for Hygiene of Built Environment and the National Council of Residents of the Italian Society of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health conducted a nation-wide survey to evaluate the knowledge and training needs on built environment and indoor health of Italian public health residents. Results The compliance was very high (52,4%) covering all the Italian postgraduate schools. The results underline important lacks of theoretical formation and practical training, but also a certain inhomogeneity across the country and show a strong interest of residents on this topic. Conclusions The authors propose the adoption a national core curriculum and suggest som…
Older Adults' Physical Activity and the Relevance of Distances to Neighborhood Destinations and Barriers to Outdoor Mobility
2020
Aim: To determine the relevance of features located close to home and further away, our aim was to study associations between older adults' physical activity and self-reported neighborhood destinations and barriers to outdoor mobility categorized by presence and maximal distance from home. Methods: Cross-sectional analyses comprising men and women 79–94 years old (57%) living independently in Central Finland (n = 185). Self-reported physical activity was categorized into lower (≤3 h moderate activity a week) and higher (≥4 h moderate or intense activity a week) activity. Assisted by interviewers, participants located on an interactive map destinations perceived to facilitate and barriers pe…
STRUMENTI E METODI PER INTEGRARE GLI ASPETTI AMBIENTALI NELLA MANUTENZIONE DEL PATRIMONIO ARCHITETTONICO
2022
La corretta e costante applicazione della manutenzione può assumere un ruolo chiave per garantire la qualità del patrimonio costruito e il soddisfacimento delle più recenti classi di requisiti ambientali. A tal fine, è necessario che le strategie che guidano la programmazione delle attività di manutenzione siano modellate sulle caratteristiche del manufatto in esame. In Italia una larga parte degli edifici risulta edificata prima del 1946 e, molti di questi seppur non strettamente tutelati dalla legge, possono presentare rilevanti caratteri morfologici o costruttivi che vanno opportunamente conservati. La manutenzione, condotta in un’ottica sistemica e multiscalare, comprendendo interventi …
Planning Punic cities: Geophysical prospection and the built environment at Motya, Sicily
2020
The urban plan of ancient Motya on the Isola di San Pantaleo on the west coast of Sicily and its relationship to developments in Phoenician and Punic societies have been investigated since the early 1960s. Data from geophysical surveys in the north-eastern quadrant of Motya show the regular organisation of urban insulae framed by two broad roads. These results, combined with data from previous nearby excavations, improve the modelling of Motya's layout, and contribute to the wider discussion of Phoenician/Punic and broader Mediterranean urban traditions between the sixth and fourth centuries BC.
Cities' Identity Through Architecture and Art
2018
Intended to be a guide for academics, scholars, and interested leaders, this book was designed to critically assess issues related to architectural identity, the city as a scene, the city as an organism, the city as a subject, and the planning or rather approaching of one. A pressing issue for many researchers in the field, the book discusses the negative repercussions resulting from globalization. Studies have indicated that globalization, despite all the positive effects, has resulted in a loss of identity within a city. As a city develops over time, its identity is evolving as well and may even be lost due to rapid and constant changes it is subjected to. Discussed as well are examples a…
Intercomparison and evaluation of global aerosol microphysical properties among AeroCom models of a range of complexity
2014
Many of the next generation of global climate models will include aerosol schemes which explicitly simulate the microphysical processes that determine the particle size distribution. These models enable aerosol optical properties and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations to be determined by fundamental aerosol processes, which should lead to a more physically based simulation of aerosol direct and indirect radiative forcings. This study examines the global variation in particle size distribution simulated by 12 global aerosol microphysics models to quantify model diversity and to identify any common biases against observations. Evaluation against size distribution measurements from…
MANUTENZIONE DELL’AMBIENTE COSTRUITO: QUANTO RESTA DELLA NOTTE?
2021
Confrontando la manutenzione dell’ambiente costruito con la stessa attività riferita, in genere, ai prodotti manifatturieri, importanti caratteristiche specifiche emergono, sia nelle tecnologie di processo che di prodotto. Infatti, per le costruzioni lo stretto legame tra manutenzione e qualità acquisisce, in più, notevoli implicazioni di ordine sociale e collettivo, sia se applicata a edifici e spazi pubblici, sia se riferita all’edilizia residenziale privata. Nonostante ciò, tenendo conto della tendenza al “constructuring” che sembra indirizzare il futuro dell’edilizia sotto gli influssi della digitalizzazione, è ugualmente utile tener presente gli avanzamenti nel campo della manutenzione…
A qualitative study on the role of the built environment for short walking trips
2015
The present study uses a qualitative approach with the aim to identify built environmental factors influencing short walking distances for transportation among adults (18-65 years), with special attention to micro-scale attributes. Three focus groups were held in Valencia (Spain) and conducted with participants who undertook, at least once a week, one short non-shopping trip in any travel mode (were "short trip" is defined as less than 3045 min walking distance). A thematic analysis of the data was performed and six categories of factors emerged related to the built environment. Factors were also classified as either barriers to walking, or secondary factors related to the attractiveness of…
Development and validation of the neighborhood environment walkability scale for youth across six continents
2019
Abstract Background The IPEN International Physical Activity and Environment Network Adolescent project was conducted using common study protocols to document the strength, shape, and generalizability of associations of perceived neighborhood environment attributes with adolescents’ physical activity and overweight/obesity using data from 15 countries. Countries did not use identical versions of the Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale for Youth (NEWS-Y) to measure perceived neighborhood environment attributes. Therefore, this study derived a measurement model for NEWS-Y items common to all IPEN Adolescent countries and developed a scoring protocol for the IPEN Adolescent version of t…